Process and device for finishing concrete pavements.



`w.-L;,AsHlvra'RlE Mv. T. MORGAN, 1R. PRfocEssANu Devme FOR F|N|SH|NG CONCRETE PAvsMENTs. APPLICATION vFI'LED MAR. 27,l 9416. Y 1,273,022., Patented Ju1y16,191f3.

Arma/vers W/ TIVESSES:

UNTED STATES PATENT Brion.

WALTER LORENZO ASHMORR ,AND WILLIAM T. MORGAN, JR., OR MACON, GEORGIA; SAID MORGAN ASSIG-NOROF TWO-SIXTHS 0F THE WHOLE RIG-HT TO H. R. POWELL, 02E'v BIBB COUNTY,'GEORGIA. Y

PROCESS AND 4DRvi''iR RORriNIsHING CONCRETE rAvRMENTs.

To'faZZZ-ghom 'it may concern."

Be it-known that we, WALTER-L. ASH- MORE and WiLLiAM T. MORGAN, Jr.,citizens' of the United States, and residents of Macon, in.` the County of Bibb and State of 4 We m'ake use Ofa roller to overcome these Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes and'De'vices for Finishing Concrete Pavements, of which 'the' following is a specifica-tion.

Our invention relates to improvements in devices for finishing and smoothing concrete or cementl pavements, and it consists in the combinations, constructions, and arrangements herein described and Claimed.-

An objectof ourinvention is to provide a'4v roller which is applied directly'to the sur- .faceof the'walk 'or pavement in contrast with strike boards'or templets formerly used.

,A further object ofj'our invention is to `provide, 'a ,process by, means of whicl'iitlie` 'building of cement sidewalks. or. roadways may befeife'cted at a considerable economy.

A further object of our invention is to-v provide a device which will evenly distribute the' cement mortar vvand make it more com-A pact, thereby obviating check cracks in the pavement.

Other objects and advantages' will appear in the following specification, and the novel features of the invention will be 'particl ularly pointed out in the appended' claims.v

kas

plication, in which g Our invention is illustrated in the accomp'anying drawings, formingpart of this ap- Figure 1 is an end view of the device. Fig. 2 is a Jrfi'ontview.' Y, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a portion I l `of the device.

Fig. 4 isa sectionalview through the-end of the device.'

Before describingone specific form of the invention, it'may be well for -us to state that the device .is designed to be used on freshly laid oversaturated Aconcrete -whichis in a Many times-in'mixing' the batches' and in spreading the plastic mass, one part will be of a denser`nature than another; one part willbe softer than-another only a few4 inches.- apart.- Then again onepart of the surface will have a 'preponderance ofcoarse aggregate, and another too much mortar; or again, there will bei` a high place, or a low Snecicatio of lLetters Patent. I Ptented July 16, 1918. `Application led :March 2,7, 1916. Seriffll No. $7,099.-

place Aofi. thesurface. If the surface has been struck Off with a strike board or templet', the 'surface is apt to show high over each piece ofcoarse aggregate and low 'between them.

objections, this roller being of relatively Avlight-material and being arranged to ioat on the plastic concrete mass. The roller is,

therefore, closed at both ends, so as to pre- .surface as a straight edge, and, as stated,

must be light, so that it will not sink down in' the concrete. Lightmaterial, such asthin iron, steel, or other metal, such as papier mch', `hard rubber, or like material, made hollowand water tight, may be used for these" rollers.

'Referring-now to Fig. 2, our improved roller 'which is denoted by the numeral 1 Consists preferably of a hollow steel cylinder,

-which is of-'s'mall diameter and comparatively greatlength, being only a few inchesl in diameter and lpreferably from 7 to 104 feet in length, sol as to adapt it to extend over several high or low places, orboth, and very light, so that it willfloat on freshly laid soft plastic lconcrete and act as a straight edge in smoothing out and straightening the uneven surface. At each end of the cylinder l is disposed a wooden block 2 which is fastened securely by any suitable means, and which is provided with a central bore?) arranged toY receive a stub shaft 4 which, in lthis instance, consists of a bolt whose head 5 is on the inner side and whose threaded portion 6 is on the Outer side of the block 2. y The bail members 7 and 8 are formed of provided with a bore 10 larranged to receive a' brass bushingll which is threaded internally.

Washers 12, the nut 13, andl the washer ,14,

. see Fig. 4, are first placed on the threaded end of theshaft 4, the threaded bushing 11 is 'placed on .the threaded portion 6 ofthe In securing the handle tothe device, the

shaft, and the bail member 7 with the steel.

block secured in place is then-brought intoI position, after .which a washer 15 and a nut 16 are placed on the end of the shaft.

A handle 17 is provided which is secured to the bail members 7 and 8, preferably by means of bolts and winged nuts 18, so that handles of different lengths may be .used by removing the handle members from the bail` From the. foregoing description of the rollers, the process of finishing the walk,

maybe readily understood. VAs stated be-A fore, each roller is longenough to act on the surface as a straight edge, and is light so that it will not sink down into the concrete. The long roller is run overthe surface first to straighten it and equalize an overwet or dry spot, and to sink the coarse aggregate to an equal depth with the mortar and to condense the mass.` Then ashort light roller of the same construction as the long'roller but shorter and lighter, by reason of its length, is run over the surface to evenly spread any excess mortar and to further smooth the surface and to condense and pack it to fill the air and water voids in the body and surface of the paving. When the oversaturated concrete as used in road making is spread upon the road bed' as it comes from the mixing machine there are necessarily high and low places, and by rolling the same with a roller of the described construction,

moved backward and forward at differentand act as a straight edge in smoothing out and straightening the surface, a constant agitation of the concrete mass is effected, causing the heavy particles, such as bits of stone, to settle down, and also reducing the high places and filling the low places, and at the same timethe lighter particles, that is, sand, cement and water are caused to rise to the surface, and the entire mass of the concrete is brought to'a uniform body surface, with the heavier particles shaken down or caused to settle whilethe lighter particles are caused to rise to the surface, which is thus made smooth; and by such agitation and vibration, as the heavier particles settle down and the hollow places become filled, water is forced to the surfaceand any eX- cess water is allowed to iow oif. Shortly after treatment with the long floating roller, and While the concrete is still in a soft plastic state, it is further treated by rollingwith a shorter and therefore lighter floating roller which is moved at different angles in all dibail members, said bail members being made of channel iron and being U-shaped in cross section and each of said bail members having an opening for receiving the end of the bolt,

a steel block disposed betweenthe arms of said channel irons, said blocksl being 'provided with a cylindrical bore, a brass bushing arranged to enter said cylindrical bore, and being threaded internally to receive the threaded end of said bolt, and means including a nut on each side of said channel irons for holding the channel irons in`position with respect to the end of the roller.

Q. A device for finishing and smoothing concrete pavements and the like, which consists of a hollow cylindrical roller, wooden blocks secured in theends of said roller, each of said blocks having a central bore, a bolt disposed in each bore, the head of the bolt being on the inside ofthe block, a pair of bail members, said bail members being made of channel iron andbeing U-shaped in cross section and each of said b ail -mem-v bers having an opening for receiving the end of the bolt, a steel block disposed between the arms of said channel irons, said blocks being provided with' a cylindrical bore, a brass bushing arranged to enter said cylindrical bore and being threaded internally to receive the threaded end of said bolt, and means including a nut on each side of said channel irons for holding the channel irons in position with respect to the end of the roller, said bail members being bent into Z-shaped form, and a common handle secured to said bail members.

3. A device for finishing and smoothing concrete'pavements and the like, which consists of a hollow cylindrical roller, wooden blocks secured in the ends of said roller, each of said blocks having a central bore, a bolt disposed in each bore, the head of the bolt being on the inside of the block, a pair of bail members, said bail members being made ofO channel iron and being U-shaped in cross section and each of said bail members having an opening for receiving the end of the bolt, a steel block disposed between the arms of said channel irons, said blocks being provided with a cylindrical bore, a brass bushing arranged to entersaid cylindrical bore and being threaded internally toreceive the threaded end of said bolt, means including a nut on each side of said channel irons for holding the channel irons n position With respect to 'the end of, the roller', said' bail members being bent into Z-shaped form, and a lcommon handle se-.V cured tosaidbail members, saidlsecuringl meansbeingadjustable tO permit the removal: Of 'the handle and the substitution of another-handle. Y

. 4. .In a device for smoothing and finishing cement walks, pavements', andthelike, the combination with a roller having la stub shaft at each end, of a pairofib'ail members, said bail members being made of channel iron and'being U-shaped in cross sec tion, one end' Of each of the bail members navlng an opening for receiving the 'ends of the shaft, a steel block disposed between the arms of the channel iron, said block being secured to said channel iron end being provided with a .cylindrical bore, a brass i bushing arranged to enter said cylindrical bore and being. threaded internally to re ceive the end of the. Shaft, and 'means fr cluding a nut oni-.each side 'Of said channel iron for holding 'the channel iron in position with respect to-thevv end of a roller.

5. A device for finishing -concretepave-- ments and the like, consisting of' a, hollow liquid-tight roller of small diameter andA ,smoothingV such surface.

comparatively great length and light Weight adapted to float, 0n freshly laid plastic concrete' and to acty on the surface thereof as a V'straight edge' for straightening and 6. The' herein described method vof finishing concrete pavements' and the like, Which vconsists in rolling the surface. of freshly laid soft plastic concrete with a roller of small diameter .andcomparatively great length and light Weight'adapted tofloat on the soft plastic concrete /andtoact on the Asurface thereof as 'a straight 'edge for straightening and smoothing the lsurface of the concreteA mass'and eliminatingv any e`X- cess Water.

7. The herein describedmethod of finishing -concrete pavements. and the like, whichl consists in rolling the surface ofnfreshly4 to further smooth and finish 'schsurface WALTER LORENZO AsHMORE.

WILLIM T. MORGAN, JR. 

